By Alexis Flynn 

Bargains will be back at Boston's Burnham Building, thanks to a fast-growing European retailer making its first inroads in the U.S.

Primark, a clothing chain whose formula of fashionable looks at rock-bottom prices has proved a hit with U.K. shoppers, said Wednesday it plans to open its first U.S. store late next year in the former Boston home of the original Filene's Department Store.

"After extensive research, it has been decided to take the concept to consumers in the U.S.A.," said Primark's owner, Associated British Foods PLC. The company, whose operations range from retail to food products and ingredients, said Wednesday that profit rose 26% in the six months to March 1, helping to fuel a 9% surge in its shares in morning London trading.

Boston has waited nearly a decade for retail to return to the Burnham Building, which had been home to both the Filene's flagship and the bargain basement that grew into the separate Filene's Basement chain. Both chains are defunct, and the Burnham Building has been a vacant shell behind its landmark facade for years.

Primark said it is negotiating for other retail space in the U.S. Northeast, planning to open additional stores in 2016.

In trying to break into the U.S., Primark will be following a trail blazed by much larger rivals Inditex SA, parent of the Zara chain, and Hennes & Mauritz AB.

However, while those companies used their online businesses to help develop market share, Primark, which has eschewed selling its clothing online, will rely on replicating its successful model of wooing customers with cheap prices unavailable elsewhere.

The retailer, which began life as Dublin clothing store Penneys in the late 1960s, has had a swift rise since the early 2000s, expanding across Europe with its offering of trendy, affordable garments. It now has 268 stores, mostly in the U.K., Ireland and Spain.

Primark's reliance on cheap labor has also created controversy.

Last year, a Bangladesh garment factory that produced clothes for companies including Primark collapsed, killing more than 1,100 workers.

Primark has since paid $12 million in compensation to victims and families affected by the disaster.

Associated British Foods reported pretax profit of GBP434 million ($729.6 million) for the half-year ended March 1, compared with GBP411 million a year earlier. Revenue of GBP6.21 billion was down from GBP6.33 billion a year earlier.

The results were "achieved with the benefit of strong performances from Primark and grocery, an encouraging improvement at ingredients and a lower interest charge which was, in large part, due to the group's strong cash flow," Chairman Charles Sinclair said in a statement.

Razah Musah Baba contributed to this article.

Write to Alexis Flynn at alexis.flynn@wsj.com

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