OTTAWA—Canada's central bank kept its benchmark interest rate at 0.75% on Wednesday and said its outlook for a return to growth starting midyear is largely unchanged, even as concerns emerge about momentum in the U.S. economy.

Domestic consumption has held up relatively well amid lower prices for crude oil, the country's top export, the Bank of Canada said in its latest policy statement. Despite a broad-based rise in global bond yields, financial conditions for households and firms remain highly stimulative, it added.

"While a weak first quarter in the United States has raised questions about that economy's underlying strength, the bank expects a return to solid growth in the second quarter," it said. "This will help advance the rotation of demand in Canada toward more exports and business investment."

The U.S. takes up some three-quarters of Canadian goods shipped abroad, and the central bank is counting on an increase in nonenergy exports to power growth. However, the U.S. economy grew at a slow pace in the first quarter amid soft business investment and consumer caution.

Douglas Porter, chief economist at BMO Capital Markets, said the statement suggests "a shadow of doubt" about the U.S. economy has "clearly crossed the central bank's forecast." He said BMO is sticking to its view that Canadian interest rates will be on hold until the second half of next year.

The Bank of Canada's decision to stand pat was widely expected, but economists are divided over its next likely move. Half of the 10 economists at primary Canadian government securities dealers surveyed recently by The Wall Street Journal anticipated no change in the benchmark rate until the end of June 2016. However, two economists predicted the bank would raise rates by that time, while three expected lower rates.

The central bank surprised markets with a quarter-percentage-point rate cut to 0.75% on Jan. 21, a move meant as "insurance" against the potential impact of the sharp drop in oil prices. Canada is a net oil exporter and lower oil prices have spurred many large oil producers to cut back planned investment. The Bank of Canada has said the Canadian economy didn't grow at all in the first quarter of this year. Statistics Canada will release gross domestic product data for that period on Friday.

In recent comments, Bank of Canada Gov. Stephen Poloz indicated the January rate cut appeared to be working in terms of easing financial conditions. He predicted Canada's GDP would rebound in the second half, after absorbing most of the negative impact of lower oil prices early in 2015. The rebound would be supported by a robust U.S. economy, a gain in nonenergy exports and accommodative financial conditions, he signaled.

The central bank has projected growth of 1.9% for all of 2015 and 2.5% for next year.

Wednesday's policy statement said the bank estimates that the underlying trend of inflation is 1.6% to 1.8%, "consistent with persistent slack in the economy."

The bank also noted recent gains in the Canadian dollar versus its U.S. counterpart, in the context of a rebound in crude prices, and a ramp-up in global bond yields. "If these developments are sustained," the Bank of Canada said, "their net effect will need to be assessed as more date become available."

The Canadian dollar hit a four-month high in mid-May but has since weakened sharply. It is currently worth about 80.4 U.S. cents.

Write to Paul Vieira at paul.vieira@wsj.com

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